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- Prostate glands are two-layered (secretory + basal) within fibromuscular stroma; corpora amylacea are benign.
- Testis shows seminiferous tubules with full maturation from spermatogonia to mature spermatids; interstitium has Leydig cells.
- Epididymis and vas deferens have tall pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia and smooth muscle wall.
- Seminal vesicle mucosa is folded with mucinous columnar epithelium; muscular wall thick.
- Glands vary in size/shape, lined by columnar secretory cells (PSA+, PSAP+, NKX3.1+) over a discontinuous basal layer (p63/CK5/6/34betaE12+).
- Stroma fibromuscular with scattered lymphocytes; calcified corpora amylacea common.
- No cytologic atypia or cribriform proliferation in normal tissue; basal layer intact.
- Seminiferous tubules with basement membrane, Sertoli cells (tall, pale cytoplasm, GATA3/SOX9+), and germ cells in ordered layers.
- Spermatogonia along basement membrane, primary spermatocytes larger, spermatids near lumen; luminal spermatozoa.
- Leydig cells in interstitium: eosinophilic, round nuclei, Reinke crystals may be seen; vasculature and macrophages present.
- Tall pseudostratified columnar with long stereocilia; lumen may have sperm.
- Surrounding smooth muscle layer thin in epididymis, thick in vas; adventitia/serosa present.
- Highly folded mucosa with simple to pseudostratified columnar cells containing lipofuscin granules.
- Muscularis well developed; secretions are yellow-tan, fructose rich.
- Prostate secretory: PSA, PSAP, NKX3.1, P501S.
- Prostate basal: p63, CK5/6, 34betaE12.
- Testis: SALL4/OCT4 for germ cells (immature), inhibin/Calretinin/SOX9 for Sertoli/Leydig; CD34 highlights vessels.
